What Is Adult Protective Services (APS) and Who Do They Help in NYC? Quick Answer: Adult Protective Services (APS) in New York City helps adults aged 18 and older who are at risk of harm due to physical or mental impairments, and who are unable to protect themselves or have
What Are Structured Settlements and How Do They Work in NYC Personal Injury Cases? Quick Answer: In New York City personal injury cases, a structured settlement is an agreement where the defendant or their insurer pays the injured party (the plaintiff) a series of payments over time instead of a
What Is the Frye Standard and Why Does It Matter in New York Courts? Quick Answer: The Frye standard is a legal test used to determine the admissibility of scientific evidence in court, specifically focusing on whether the underlying methodology is “generally accepted” within the relevant scientific community. In New
What Does “Open and Obvious Hazard” Mean in New York Premises Liability Cases? Quick Answer: In New York premises liability cases, an “open and obvious hazard” refers to a dangerous condition on someone’s property that is readily apparent and easily discoverable by a reasonable person upon ordinary inspection. Essentially, if
What Is Joint and Several Liability in New York? Quick Answer: In New York, joint and several liability is a legal principle stating that when multiple parties are found responsible for causing harm, each party can be held liable for the full amount of the damages, regardless of their individual
What Is the Civilian Complaint Review Board (CCRB) in NYC? Quick Answer: The Civilian Complaint Review Board (CCRB) operates as an independent oversight agency dedicated to investigating allegations of misconduct against officers of the New York City Police Department (NYPD). Its fundamental mission involves receiving, thoroughly investigating, and, where appropriate,
What Does “Unlawful Search and Seizure” Mean in New York? Quick Answer: In New York, “unlawful search and seizure” refers to instances where law enforcement officers violate an individual’s Fourth Amendment constitutional rights. This typically occurs when a search of a person or property, or the seizure of a person
What Is a Bystander Emotional Distress Claim in New York? Quick Answer: In New York, a bystander emotional distress claim, also referred to as a “zone of danger” claim, provides a pathway for an individual to seek recovery for severe emotional suffering. This distress must be a direct result of
What Is a Pain and Suffering Multiplier in NYC Personal Injury Cases? Quick Answer: In NYC personal injury cases, a pain and suffering multiplier is a method used to calculate non-economic damages, specifically pain and suffering, by multiplying the economic damages (like medical bills and lost wages) by a factor
What Are Mandated Reporting Laws in New York? Quick Answer: Mandated reporting laws in New York require certain professionals to report suspected cases of child abuse and neglect to the Statewide Central Register of Child Abuse and Maltreatment (SCR). These laws are designed to protect children by ensuring that professionals
What Does Spoliation of Evidence Mean in a New York Lawsuit? Quick Answer: In New York personal injury cases, spoliation of evidence refers to the destruction, alteration, or loss of evidence that is relevant to a legal case. This can occur when a party with a duty to preserve evidence
What Is the Hearsay Rule in New York Personal Injury Cases? Quick Answer: In New York personal injury cases, the hearsay rule generally prohibits the use of out-of-court statements to prove the truth of the matter asserted. This means that if a witness is repeating something they heard from someone
What Is the Daubert Standard and Why Does It Matter in NYC Courts? Quick Answer: The Daubert Standard is a rule used by U.S. courts to determine the admissibility of expert witness testimony. It requires judges to act as “gatekeepers,” assessing whether the expert’s testimony is relevant and reliable before
What Is a Pain Journal and Why Is It Important After an Injury in NYC? Quick Answer: A pain journal is a consistent record of your physical and emotional state following an injury, documenting the pain, limitations, and how it affects your daily life. It can be a valuable tool
What Is a Residual Injury in a New York Personal Injury Case? Quick Answer: In New York personal injury cases, a residual injury refers to long-term or permanent physical impairments that persist even after reaching maximum medical improvement following an accident. These injuries can result in ongoing pain, limited mobility,
What Is a Reservation of Rights Letter in a Personal Injury Case? Quick Answer: A Reservation of Rights letter is a formal notification from an insurance company to its insured, stating that while they are investigating a claim, they may ultimately deny coverage based on the investigation’s findings. This letter
What Is Considered a Dangerous Condition in New York City? Quick Answer: In New York City premises liability cases, a “dangerous condition” refers to any hazard on a property that poses an unreasonable risk of harm to others. This could include anything from a cracked sidewalk to poor lighting in
What Is a Cumulative Trauma Injury and How Does It Happen? Quick Answer: A cumulative trauma injury, also known as a cumulative injury or repetitive strain injury, is a work-related injury that develops gradually over time due to repetitive motions, prolonged awkward postures, or other ergonomic stressors in the workplace.
What Is a Functional Capacity Evaluation (FCE) and How Does It Work in NYC? Quick Answer: A Functional Capacity Evaluation (FCE) is a comprehensive assessment used to determine an individual’s physical abilities and limitations, particularly in the context of work-related tasks. In NYC, FCEs are commonly used in workers’ compensation
What Is a Vocational Expert and What Do They Do? Quick Answer: A Vocational Expert (VE) is a professional with specialized knowledge in vocational rehabilitation, counseling, and job market analysis, who provides expert opinions on a person’s ability to work, especially in the context of disability claims. They analyze a
What Is the Reasonable Person Standard in New York Personal Injury Cases? Quick Answer: In New York personal injury cases, the “reasonable person standard” is a legal test used to determine if someone acted negligently. It asks whether the defendant’s actions were what a reasonably careful person would have done
What Does the Term “Tortfeasor” Mean in NYC Personal Injury Cases? Quick Answer: In New York City personal injury cases, a tortfeasor is the individual or entity that has committed a wrongful act, resulting in injury or loss to another party. This wrongful act, known as a tort, can be
What Is Loss of Household Services in a New York Injury Claim? Quick Answer: In a New York personal injury claim, “loss of household services” refers to the financial value of the work a person can no longer perform around the house due to injuries sustained in an accident. This
What Are Hedonic Damages in NYC Personal Injury Cases? Quick Answer: In New York personal injury cases, hedonic damages refer to compensation for the loss of enjoyment of life resulting from an injury caused by another’s negligence. They are a type of non-economic damage, distinct from economic damages like medical
Quick Answer: In New York City, the Exclusive Remedy Doctrine, also known as the Exclusive Remedy Rule, dictates that workers’ compensation benefits are the sole recourse for employees injured or made ill due to their work. This means that, in most cases, an employee cannot sue their employer for damages
Quick Answer: An occupational disease is an illness or condition directly caused or aggravated by factors present in your workplace. To successfully prove an occupational disease in a workers’ compensation claim, you must clearly show the link between your work environment and the development or worsening of your illness. It’s
What Are Life Expectancy Tables and Why Do They Matter in New York Injury Cases? Quick Answer: In New York personal injury cases, life expectancy tables are statistical tools used to estimate how long a person is expected to live, particularly when dealing with permanent injuries. These tables, often based
What Is a Section 32 Waiver Agreement in NYC Workers’ Compensation? Quick Answer: A Section 32 Waiver Agreement, also known as a Section 32 Settlement, in New York Workers’ Compensation is a negotiated agreement between an injured worker and the insurance company to settle future workers’ compensation benefits. This can
What Does Maximum Medical Improvement (MMI) Mean in New York Injury Cases? Quick Answer: In New York personal injury cases, Maximum Medical Improvement (MMI) signifies the point where an injured person’s condition has stabilized and is unlikely to improve substantially with further medical treatment. It means the injured person has
What Is a Trial Subpoena in a New York Personal Injury Case? Quick Answer: A trial subpoena is a legal document, issued by a court or an officer of the court, that compels a person to appear in court to testify or produce documents or other evidence in a New
What Is Summary Judgment in a New York Personal Injury Case? Quick Answer: In New York personal injury cases, a summary judgment is a request for a judge to decide the case without a trial, based on the argument that there are no genuinely disputed facts that require a full
What Is a Motion in Limine in a New York Personal Injury Case? Quick Answer: In New York personal injury cases, a motion in limine is a pre-trial motion seeking to exclude certain evidence from being presented to the jury. These motions are typically filed before trial and aim to
What Is a Request for Admissions in a NYC Personal Injury Case? Quick Answer: In New York personal injury lawsuits, a Request for Admissions is a discovery tool used to simplify and streamline the legal process by having the opposing party confirm or deny specific statements of fact. This helps
What Is a Schedule Loss of Use (SLU) in New York Workers’ Compensation? Quick Answer: In New York workers’ compensation, a Schedule Loss of Use (SLU) award is a cash payment for a permanent loss of function in a specific body part due to a work-related injury. It’s a lump
What Is an Independent Medical Examination (IME) in a New York Workers Comp Case? Quick Answer: An Independent Medical Examination (IME) in a workers’ compensation case is a medical evaluation conducted by a doctor who is not involved in the injured worker’s ongoing treatment. It is typically requested by the
What Is a C-2F Form and Why Is It Important in NYC Workplace Injury Cases? Quick Answer: A C-2F form, or Employer’s First Report of Work-Related Injury/Illness, is a document that employers in New York State must file after a work-related injury or illness. This form is crucial for initiating
What Is a C-3 Form and Why Is It Important for Injured Workers in NYC? Quick Answer: In New York, a C-3 form is the “Employee Claim Form” used to report a work-related injury or illness to the Workers’ Compensation Board, officially initiating the claims process. Injured workers must file
What Does Preponderance of the Evidence Mean in a Civil Lawsuit? Quick Answer: In New York civil lawsuits, the term “preponderance of the evidence” refers to the standard of proof that the plaintiff must meet to win their case. It means the plaintiff needs to convince the judge or jury
Quick Answer: Voir dire is the jury selection process where lawyers and the judge ask potential jurors questions to make sure they can be fair. In a New York personal injury trial, this helps choose a jury that can decide the case without bias. Have you been injured in New
What Is a Medical Lien? Quick Answer: In New York, medical liens allow doctors or hospitals to claim part of your personal injury settlement to cover unpaid treatment. This means your final payout may be reduced to repay those medical bills before you receive any funds. How Do Medical Liens
What Is the Eggshell Skull Rule and How Does It Apply to Injury Victims? Quick Answer: The Eggshell Skull Rule means a person who causes an injury must take the victim as they are, even if the victim had a pre-existing condition. In New York, this rule holds the at-fault
What Is a 50-h Hearing in NYC? Quick Answer: A 50-h hearing is a legal interview the city or public agency can require after you file a claim for injury. It can affect your case because missing it may hurt your chance to sue or delay your case. For guidance
What Does “Standard of Care” Mean in Personal Injury Cases? Quick Answer: The standard of care in personal injury law means how a reasonably careful person would act in the same situation. In New York, it’s judged by what is normal or expected behavior for someone in that role, like
What Is the Statute of Limitations for Wrongful Death in New York? Quick Answer: In New York, the statute of limitations for filing a wrongful death claim is generally two years from the date of death. If you miss this deadline, you may lose the right to sue. If you
How to Gather Evidence After an NYC Accident to Strengthen Your Personal Injury Claim In the moments following an accident, it’s easy to feel overwhelmed, especially in a fast-paced city like New York. However, the actions you take immediately after a crash or injury can have a huge impact on
What Does “Assumption of Risk” Mean in New York Personal Injury Cases? Quick Answer: Assumption of risk means you accepted the known dangers of an activity. In New York, if this applies, it may limit or block your right to sue for injuries. If you have questions, you can reach
What Does Res Ipsa Loquitur Mean in a New York Personal Injury Case? Quick Answer: Res ipsa loquitur is a legal rule used when an injury likely wouldn’t happen unless someone was careless. In New York personal injury cases, it can help prove fault even without direct evidence. To learn
What Does Proximate Cause Mean in a New York Personal Injury Case? Quick Answer: Proximate cause means the injury was directly caused by someone’s actions and not by something unrelated. In New York personal injury cases, proving proximate cause is key to showing the other party is legally responsible. For
Can I Still Get Compensation if I Was Partly at Fault? Quick Answer: In New York, the law does not follow strict contributory negligence. Instead, the state uses a “pure comparative negligence” rule, meaning you can still recover compensation even if you were partly at fault for your injury, though
What Is Sovereign Immunity in New York Personal Injury Cases? Quick Answer: Sovereign immunity means you usually can’t sue the government without its permission. In New York, you can sue the state or city in certain cases—like for negligence or civil rights violations—if you follow special steps and tight deadlines.
The Orlow Firm is rated 4.9/5 across all of our Google reviews (as of May 2025). Below is a small sample of what people are saying about the firm and the compassionate advocacy we provided for them.
Prior results do not guarantee a similar outcome.
I’m very thankful because of the Orlow firm won my case , trustable , every time I had a question they would respond.
Thank you lawyer Bryan for helping me with my case.
Liz Pavia
Haoua Guira-Ouedraogo
Since I have my accident
Brain Orlow and his team
Been helping me every step with case
They. Are concerned about client
Make sure they have good access to doctors appointments
And financial support
For me i will hire this firm again
Rumdy Lazos
Krystle Rivera
PHYLLIS HAIRSTON
Mirlyne Oriental
Established in 1982, The Orlow Firm has earned numerous accolades for its dedication to client advocacy and legal excellence. These recognitions reflect our unwavering commitment to achieving justice, delivering results, and providing compassionate, personalized representation to injury victims throughout New York City. Our reputation has been built on decades of trust, integrity, and a tireless pursuit of the best possible outcomes for those we serve. We’re proud to be recognized not just for our results, but for the care and respect we show every client.
Attorney Advertising: No aspect of these accolades has been approved by the New York State Court of Appeals.
Prior results do not guarantee a similar outcome.
We offer free initial consultations and operate four offices across New York City for your convenience. We can go to you if you cannot come to us.
71-18 Main Street
Queens NY 11367 Map
(646) 647-3398
Fax: 718-544-6485
(by appointment only)
The Chrysler Building, 26th Floor
405 Lexington Ave
New York NY 10174 Map
(646) 647-3398
Fax: 718-544-6485
(by appointment only)
32 Court Street
Brooklyn NY 11201 Map
(646) 647-3398
Fax: 718-544-6485
(by appointment only)
903 Sheridan Avenue
2nd Floor
Bronx, NY 10453 Map
(646) 647-3398
Fax: 718-544-6485
The Orlow Firm represents injured people in the five boroughs of New York City (Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queens, The Bronx and Staten Island) as well as the counties surrounding New York City.
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Notice: The information on this website is for general information purposes only. Nothing on this site should be taken as legal advice for any individual case or situation. This information is not intended to create, and receipt or viewing does not constitute, an attorney-client relationship. Prior results do not guarantee a similar outcome. The Orlow Firm works on a contingent fee basis. A contingent basis means that our attorneys do not charge by consultation but will take a percentage on the amount recovered. This amount is usually one third of the net recovery after disbursement. This means that the cost of hiring The Orlow Firm varies based on the amount recovered.
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